My Mercedes C200d Engine Seized After Oil Change: Castrol Oil at Fault?

I entrusted my Mercedes C200d to the authorized dealer where I personally purchased Castrol brand oils for maintenance and handed them over to our mechanic. After the oil change, my car seized after only 10 km of driving. Upon inspecting the old oil filter, there were no impurities, but the new oil filter we installed was filled with debris. After consulting several mechanics and conducting research, it was suggested that the issue stemmed from the oil. We approached the authorized dealer, who came and issued a report. They took samples but failed to provide any follow-up.